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Evidence for better decisions
Baseline and endline studies

Comparable baseline and endline evidence for credible programme performance measurement.

GRC helps organisations establish reliable baseline values and assess progress at endline through carefully designed surveys, qualitative inquiry, document review and participatory interpretation. We focus on producing evidence that is comparable, transparent and useful for programme learning and accountability.

Plan a baseline or endline All services
Baseline and Endline Evaluation service by GRC
Service overview

How GRC supports this assignment area.

A baseline is only useful when it is designed with the endline in mind. GRC supports clients to define indicators, clarify measurement rules, select appropriate samples, prepare field-ready tools and create data systems that make future comparison possible.

For endline evaluations, we examine the extent to which targets were achieved, how different beneficiary groups experienced change, which factors contributed to or constrained results, and what lessons should inform future programming. When a comparison group or baseline dataset is available, we use it carefully and transparently. When it is not available, we apply credible alternative designs and clearly explain limitations.

Our baseline and endline work is suitable for projects in education, livelihoods, WASH, climate resilience, protection, gender equality, migration, institutional development and other development sectors.

Our approach

A structured process from assignment design to use.

Each assignment is tailored, but the same discipline is applied: clarity of purpose, sound methods, careful field systems, transparent analysis and practical outputs.

01

Indicator and measurement review

We review the logframe, theory of change, indicator definitions, disaggregation requirements and available baseline or monitoring data.

02

Sampling and comparison design

We prepare a sampling approach that fits the population, geography, confidence needs, resources and operational constraints of the assignment.

03

Tool development and piloting

We develop structured questionnaires, KII and FGD guides, observation tools and consent scripts, then pilot and refine them before field deployment.

04

Digital fieldwork and quality assurance

We use KoboToolbox and daily quality checks to monitor completeness, consistency, enumerator performance and field progress.

05

Comparative analysis and interpretation

We analyse indicator changes, triangulate qualitative explanations, interpret patterns by group and location, and present findings in decision-ready language.

Methods and tools

Methods may include

Indicator operationalisation Sample-size calculation Cluster and household sampling Comparison group assessment Survey programming Enumerator training Data cleaning Difference and trend analysis Disaggregated analysis Qualitative triangulation
Typical deliverables

Outputs clients can use

Baseline or endline inception report Sampling protocol Survey tools Kobo XLSForms Field manual Cleaned dataset Indicator tables Analytical report Recommendations matrix Dissemination presentation
Questions clients ask

Frequently asked questions.

Can GRC calculate sample size for baseline and endline studies?

Yes. We can prepare defensible sample-size calculations based on the indicator, confidence level, design effect, expected precision, clustering and operational feasibility.

Can GRC work with existing baseline data?

Yes. We can review baseline datasets, assess comparability, reconstruct indicators where possible and clearly document limitations.

Can the endline include qualitative explanation of the numbers?

Yes. We recommend combining quantitative results with KIIs, FGDs, case examples and document review so that the final report explains not only what changed, but why.

Request support

Need baseline and endline evaluation support?

Share your terms of reference, concept note or a short description of the assignment. GRC will help you clarify the scope, methodology, work plan and deliverables.

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